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- ?? Micronoma
- ?? Paripon
- ?? Pritchardia
- ?? Rhopaloblaste
- ?? Serenoa
- ?? Washingtonia
Main menu
Distribution
Map uses TDWG level 3 distributions (https://github.com/tdwg/wgsrpd)
Ten species distributed throughout the West Indies, from Nicaragua southward in Central America, and into Brazil, Peru and Bolivia. One taxon (Prestoea acuminata var. montana) is widespread in the Lesser Antilles. (Dransfield, J., Uhl, N., Asmussen, C., Baker, W.J., Harley, M. & Lewis, C. 2008: Genera Palmarum. The evolution and classification of palms)A
Discussion
- For differences from Euterpe, see comments under Euterpe. (Dransfield, J., Uhl, N., Asmussen, C., Baker, W.J., Harley, M. & Lewis, C. 2008: Genera Palmarum. The evolution and classification of palms)A
Diagnosis
- Small or moderate pinnate-leaved palms from Central and South America and the Caribbean, with rather coarse leaflets, rarely the leaf undivided; rachillae are generally brightly coloured. (Dransfield, J., Uhl, N., Asmussen, C., Baker, W.J., Harley, M. & Lewis, C. 2008: Genera Palmarum. The evolution and classification of palms)A
Biology And Ecology
- Mostly on well-drained slopes at moderate to rather high elevations. (Dransfield, J., Uhl, N., Asmussen, C., Baker, W.J., Harley, M. & Lewis, C. 2008: Genera Palmarum. The evolution and classification of palms)A
Etymology
- Named for Henry Prestoe (1842–1923), British botanist and traveller, who collected plants in Trinidad. (Dransfield, J., Uhl, N., Asmussen, C., Baker, W.J., Harley, M. & Lewis, C. 2008: Genera Palmarum. The evolution and classification of palms)A
Common Name
- Mountain cabbage palm (Prestoeaacuminata var. montana). (Dransfield, J., Uhl, N., Asmussen, C., Baker, W.J., Harley, M. & Lewis, C. 2008: Genera Palmarum. The evolution and classification of palms)A
Uses
- The ‘cabbage’ is edible (Hodge 1965),and some species are desirable ornamentals. (Dransfield, J., Uhl, N., Asmussen, C., Baker, W.J., Harley, M. & Lewis, C. 2008: Genera Palmarum. The evolution and classification of palms)A
Description
- Small to moderate, rarely solitary, usually clustered, unarmed, pleonanthic, monoecious tree palms. Stem slender or relatively stout, erect or decumbent, brown or grey, sometimes swollen basally, leaf scars prominent or obscure, adventitious roots present or absent. Leaves regularly or irregularly pinnate, or undivided, curving or erect; sheath tubular, splitting opposite the petiole, usually not forming a distinct crownshaft, but crownshaft sometimes evident in Prestoea acuminata, often scaly or tomentose, becoming glabrous; petiole usually elongate, rarely short, often slender, channelled adaxially, rounded abaxially, both surfaces densely dark tomentose or scaly, rachis channelled at the base, flat to ridged adaxially, rounded abaxially, densely tomentose (?always); leaflets long, narrow, opposite or subopposite, regularly arranged in one plane, shorter basally and distally, sometimes curved, tips pointed, edges often thickened, single-fold or several-fold distally or in partly entire leaves, midribs of folds prominent adaxially, other veins small, ± equal or 1–2 pairs slightly larger, blade adaxially ± glabrous, abaxially lightly tomentose, whitish dot-like hairs usually abundant, large to small tattered scales along the midrib and sometimes along larger veins, often waxy, transverse veinlets not evident. Inflorescences usually interfoliar in bud, becoming infrafoliar at anthesis or in fruit, branched to 1 order or rarely spicate; peduncle short or more usually elongate, longer than the rachis; prophyll usually persistent, markedly shorter than the peduncular bract, tubular, 2-keeled laterally, ± flat, splitting apically and dorsi-ventrally so as sometimes to appear bifid, inserted at the base of the peduncle, chartaceous to coriaceous, variously scaly; peduncular bract usually persistent, several times longer than the prophyll, terete, with a long hard beak, usually inserted some distance above the prophyll, chartaceous or coriaceous; rachis bearing spirally arranged, short, thin, membranous or stiff, rounded or pointed bracts, each subtending a rachilla; rachillae white at anthesis, usually becoming reddish in fruit, slender, moderate to elongate, erect at first, becoming divaricate or stiffly ascending, sometimes markedly swollen or bulbous basally, rachis and rachillae densely covered with soft pale hairs or with dark red or brown tomentum or glabrous; rachilla bracts very shallow, membranous, subtending triads of flowers basally and paired to solitary staminate flowers distally, flowers superficial or in a slight depression, triads with the staminate flowers only slightly larger than and lateral to the pistillate, rarely (Prestoea longepetiolata var. cuatrecasasii) the pistillate flower surrounded by 2 large bracteoles. Staminate flowers symmetrical or asymmetrical, ovoid, stalked or sessile; sepals 3, distinct and shortly imbricate basally or united in a low cupule, margins smooth or hairy with tufts of hairs at the tips, usually keeled to some extent; petals 3, ovate, distinct, valvate, tips valvate or appressed, margins smooth or hairy with tufts of hairs at the tips; stamens 6, filaments terete, briefly inflexed at the apex, anthers linear, acute or bifid apically, sagittate or free basally, dorsifixed slightly below the middle, latrorse; pistillode columnar or trifid, light or dark. Pollen ellipsoidal, with slight or obvious asymmetry; aperture a distal sulcus; ectexine tectate, finely perforate, or perforate-rugulate, aperture margin similar or slightly finer; infratectum columellate; longest axis 26–46 µm [7/10]. Pistillate flowers broadly ovoid; sepals 3, distinct, imbricate, rounded, margins smooth or hairy; petals 3, distinct, broadly imbricate, rounded, tips valvate; staminodes 6, small, tooth-like; gynoecium ovoid, asymmetrical, unilocular, uniovulate, style not evident, stigmas 3, appressed or reflexed, ovule large, basal, form unknown. Fruit rounded, dark purple to black at maturity (?always), perianth persistent, stigmatic remains subapical or near the middle; epicarp smooth or slightly irregular, mesocarp fleshy, with an inner layer of wide flat fibres, endocarp thin, crustaceous. Seed globose, laterally attached, hilum elongate, raphe branches numerous, anastomosing to form a network, endosperm ruminate or rarely (P. longepetiolata var. cuatrecasasii) homogeneous; embryo subbasal. Germination adjacent-ligular; eophyll bifid (e.g., P. acuminata) or pinnate (e.g., P. decurrens). Cytology: 2n = 36. (Dransfield, J., Uhl, N., Asmussen, C., Baker, W.J., Harley, M. & Lewis, C. 2008: Genera Palmarum. The evolution and classification of palms)A
Anatomy
- Stems, leaves and roots (Henderson and Galeano1996), and root (Seubert 1998a, 1998b). (Dransfield, J., Uhl, N., Asmussen, C., Baker, W.J., Harley, M. & Lewis, C. 2008: Genera Palmarum. The evolution and classification of palms)A
Fossil record
- No generic records found. (Dransfield, J., Uhl, N., Asmussen, C., Baker, W.J., Harley, M. & Lewis, C. 2008: Genera Palmarum. The evolution and classification of palms)A
Relationships
- Prestoea is monophyletic (Henderson 1999a).The genus is resolved as sister to Oenocarpus and Neonicholsoniawith moderate support (Baker et al. in review), or as sister toOenocarpus (Henderson 1999a). (Dransfield, J., Uhl, N., Asmussen, C., Baker, W.J., Harley, M. & Lewis, C. 2008: Genera Palmarum. The evolution and classification of palms)A
Taxonomic accounts
- Henderson and Galeano (1996), see alsoHenderson (1999a). (Dransfield, J., Uhl, N., Asmussen, C., Baker, W.J., Harley, M. & Lewis, C. 2008: Genera Palmarum. The evolution and classification of palms)A
Use Record
- Prestoea Hook.f.: Heart of palm. (...). The roof is thatched with fronds of different palms, among them Orbignya, Euterpe, Jessenia, Prestoea and Chalar (Geonoma). (...). During Holy Week, they usually gather heart of palm (Euterpe and Prestoea), which they sell in town. (Orejuela, J.E. 1992: Traditional productive systems of the Awa (Cuaiquer) indians of soutwestern Colombia and neighboring Ecuador)
Use Category Use Sub Category Plant Part Human Group Ethnic Group Country Construction Thatch Entire leaf Indigenous Awá Colombia Human Food Food Palm heart Indigenous Awá Colombia - Prestoea Hook.f.: Palm heart edible ( Prestoea sp., Euterpe spp., Iriartea deltoidea, Socratea exorrhiza, Ammandra sp.). (Balslev, H., and A. Barfod 1987: Ecuadorean palms- an overview)
Use Category Use Sub Category Plant Part Human Group Ethnic Group Country Human Food Food Palm heart Not identified N/A Ecuador - Euterpe Gaertn.: Alimento. Fruto. Medicinal. Raíz. (…). Dentro de las prácticas medicinales las palmas también presentan un papel esencial, e este caso se encuentran 5 especies de las cuales su raíz es usada en infusiones y bebidas para la curación de la malaria, problemas con la orina y como purgantes; el cogollo de la Bacaba es usado en la curación para la picadura de alacrán. (Forero, M.C. 2005: Aspectos etnobotánicos de uso y manejo de la familia Arecaceae (palmas) en la comunidad indígena Ticuna de Santa Clara de Tarapoto, del resguardo Ticoya del municipio de Puerto Nariño, Amazonas, Colombia. (as Euterpe Gaertn.))
Use Category Use Sub Category Plant Part Human Group Ethnic Group Country Human Food Food Fruits Indigenous Tikuna Colombia Medicinal and Veterinary Infections and infestations Root Indigenous Tikuna Colombia Medicinal and Veterinary Digestive system Root Indigenous Tikuna Colombia Medicinal and Veterinary Infections and infestations Root Indigenous Tikuna Colombia Medicinal and Veterinary Digestive system Root Indigenous Tikuna Colombia Medicinal and Veterinary Urinary system Root Indigenous Tikuna Colombia Human Food Food Fruits Indigenous Tikuna Colombia Medicinal and Veterinary Urinary system Root Indigenous Tikuna Colombia - Euterpe Gaertn.: Commonly protected species. (Irvine, D. 1989: Succesion Management and Resource Distribution in an Amazonian Rain Forest (as Euterpe Gaertn.))
Use Category Use Sub Category Plant Part Human Group Ethnic Group Country Environmental Agroforestry Entire plant Indigenous Quichua Ecuador Environmental Agroforestry Entire plant Indigenous Quichua Ecuador - Euterpe Gaertn.: El estipe entero se usa en la construcción de ranchos, especialmente para las "azoteas" o barbacoas al aire libre, tablado que hay detrás de las casas en regiones muy pantanosas para satisfacer las necesidades de eliminación; en la confección de gallineros y otras obras, y hendido, a modo de esterilla, para las paredes. Las hojas se usan a veces en el cubrimiento de chozas, y se dice que la cobertura queda muy espesa. De los frutos se prepara una bebida similar a la «leche» de Jessenia; queda de color morado, si los frutos se usan enteros, y blanca si se remueve de ellos previamente mediante frotación manual, el epicarpo. (*). (Patiño,V.M. 1977: Palmas oleaginosas de la costa colombiana del Pacífico (as Euterpe Gaertn.))
Use Category Use Sub Category Plant Part Human Group Ethnic Group Country Construction Houses Stem Not identified N/A Colombia Construction Houses Stem Not identified N/A Colombia Construction Thatch Entire leaf Not identified N/A Colombia Human Food Beverages Fruits Not identified N/A Colombia Construction Thatch Entire leaf Not identified N/A Colombia Human Food Beverages Fruits Not identified N/A Colombia - Euterpe Gaertn.: El fruto, el cogollo y el estípite. Con el fruto maduro, en agua tibia, se prepara chicha; cahuana y se toma como bebida regrescante o el cogollo fresco también se consume; el estípite se abre para construir el cerco de la maloca. Comestible-frutal-construcción de vivienda. Animales consumidores: El fruto es consumido por la pava colorada, la pava negra, los picones, el guaro, el cerrillo y por el puerco de monte. (La Rotta, C., P. Miraña,M. Miraña, B. Miraña,M. Miraña, and N. Yucuna 1987: Estudio etnobotánico sobre las especies utilizadas por la comunidad indígena Miraña, Amazonas, Colombia (as Euterpe Gaertn.))
Use Category Use Sub Category Plant Part Human Group Ethnic Group Country Human Food Beverages Fruits Indigenous Miraña Colombia Environmental Fences Stem Indigenous Miraña Colombia Environmental Fences Stem Indigenous Miraña Colombia Animal Food Wildlife attractant Fruits Indigenous Miraña Colombia Human Food Food Palm heart Indigenous Miraña Colombia Human Food Food Palm heart Indigenous Miraña Colombia Human Food Beverages Fruits Indigenous Miraña Colombia Animal Food Wildlife attractant Fruits Indigenous Miraña Colombia - Euterpe Gaertn.: Los chamí comen el cogollo o churkin (palmito). De la palma se hacen virotes o dardos y extractores de veneno. Cuando se seca sirve para leña. (Cayón, E., and S. Aristizábal 1980: Lista de plantas utilizadas por los indígenas Chami de Risaralda (as Euterpe Gaertn.))
Use Category Use Sub Category Plant Part Human Group Ethnic Group Country Fuel Firewood Stem Indigenous Emberá Colombia Utensils and Tools Hunting and fishing Not specified Indigenous Emberá Colombia Fuel Firewood Stem Indigenous Emberá Colombia Human Food Food Palm heart Indigenous Emberá Colombia Medicinal and Veterinary Poisonings Not specified Indigenous Emberá Colombia Medicinal and Veterinary Poisonings Not specified Indigenous Emberá Colombia Utensils and Tools Hunting and fishing Not specified Indigenous Emberá Colombia Human Food Food Palm heart Indigenous Emberá Colombia - Euterpe Gaertn.: Los frutos de esta palma son sometidos al mismo proceso de "maduración" descrito para el milpeso. La única diferencia respecto al milpeso es que el fruto tiene muy poca carne como para chupar la pepa directamente una vez cocinado. (Ortiz, R. 1994: Uso, conocimiento y manejo de lagunos recursos naturales en el mundo Yucuna (Mirití-Paraná, Amazonas, Colombia). (as Euterpe Gaertn.))
Use Category Use Sub Category Plant Part Human Group Ethnic Group Country Human Food Beverages Fruits Indigenous Yucuna Colombia Human Food Beverages Fruits Indigenous Yucuna Colombia - Euterpe Gaertn.: Palm heart edible ( Prestoea sp., Euterpe spp., Iriartea deltoidea, Socratea exorrhiza, Ammandra sp.). (Balslev, H., and A. Barfod 1987: Ecuadorean palms- an overview (as Euterpe Gaertn.))
Use Category Use Sub Category Plant Part Human Group Ethnic Group Country Human Food Food Palm heart Not identified N/A Ecuador Human Food Food Palm heart Not identified N/A Ecuador - Euterpe Gaertn.: Palma de unos 15 mts de alto, frutos globosos dispuestos en racimos, de color negro cuando están maduros, comestibles. Los cogollos se consumen sin ninguna preparación. De los frutos se obtiene bebida refrescante y puede dejarse fermentar para obtener saxa. (…). Palma de madera liviana para construccíon. Con las hojas se hacen los techos de las viviendas. Aún se usan cuando no se consiguen las tejas de zinc. (…). Productos comestibles. Madera construcción. (…). Cultivada. Construcción; leña, alimento. Tronco. Hojas, fruto. (Garzón, N.C. 1985: Aproximación etnobotánica en la comunidad Guayabero de Barrancion-Guaviare (as Euterpe Gaertn.))
Use Category Use Sub Category Plant Part Human Group Ethnic Group Country Environmental Agroforestry Entire plant Indigenous Guayabero Colombia Fuel Firewood Stem Indigenous Guayabero Colombia Human Food Beverages Fruits Indigenous Guayabero Colombia Construction Houses Stem Indigenous Guayabero Colombia Human Food Food Palm heart Indigenous Guayabero Colombia Fuel Firewood Stem Indigenous Guayabero Colombia Environmental Agroforestry Entire plant Indigenous Guayabero Colombia Construction Thatch Entire leaf Indigenous Guayabero Colombia Human Food Beverages Fruits Indigenous Guayabero Colombia Construction Thatch Entire leaf Indigenous Guayabero Colombia Human Food Food Palm heart Indigenous Guayabero Colombia Construction Houses Stem Indigenous Guayabero Colombia - Euterpe Gaertn.: Palmito / heart of palm. (...). The roof is thatched with fronds of different palms, among them Orbignya, Euterpe, Jessenia, Prestoea and Chalar (Geonoma). (Orejuela, J.E. 1992: Traditional productive systems of the Awa (Cuaiquer) indians of soutwestern Colombia and neighboring Ecuador (as Euterpe Gaertn.))
Use Category Use Sub Category Plant Part Human Group Ethnic Group Country Construction Thatch Entire leaf Indigenous Awá Colombia Construction Thatch Entire leaf Indigenous Awá Colombia Human Food Food Palm heart Indigenous Awá Colombia Human Food Food Palm heart Indigenous Awá Colombia - Euterpe Gaertn.: Planta comestible recolectada. Parte comestible, corazón. (Chirif, A. 1978: Salud y nutrición en sociedades nativas (as Euterpe Gaertn.))
- Euterpe Gaertn.: Planta comestible recolectada. Parte comestible, corazón. (Chirif, A. 1978: Salud y nutrición en sociedades nativas (as Euterpe Gaertn.))
- Euterpe Gaertn.: Planta comestible recolectada. Parte comestible, fruto. (Chirif, A. 1978: Salud y nutrición en sociedades nativas (as Euterpe Gaertn.))
- Euterpe Gaertn.: Planta semi-cultivadas (protegidas). Parte comestible, frutos, hojas. (Chirif, A. 1978: Salud y nutrición en sociedades nativas (as Euterpe Gaertn.))
Use Category Use Sub Category Plant Part Human Group Ethnic Group Country Environmental Agroforestry Entire plant Indigenous Aguaruna Peru Environmental Agroforestry Entire plant Indigenous Aguaruna Peru Human Food Food Fruits Indigenous Aguaruna Peru Human Food Food Palm heart Indigenous Aguaruna Peru Human Food Food Entire leaf Indigenous Aguaruna Peru Human Food Food Entire leaf Indigenous Aguaruna Peru Human Food Food Fruits Indigenous Aguaruna Peru Human Food Food Palm heart Indigenous Aguaruna Peru Human Food Food Fruits Indigenous Aguaruna Peru Human Food Food Palm heart Indigenous Aguaruna Peru Human Food Food Fruits Indigenous Aguaruna Peru Human Food Food Palm heart Indigenous Aguaruna Peru - Euterpe Gaertn.: Refresco. (Vasquez, R., and A.H. Gentry 1989: Use and misuse of forest-harvested fruits in the Iquitos area (as Euterpe Gaertn.))
Use Category Use Sub Category Plant Part Human Group Ethnic Group Country Human Food Beverages Fruits Not identified N/A Peru Human Food Beverages Fruits Not identified N/A Peru - Euterpe Gaertn.: The dead trunks of all palm trees, including Ireartea, Euterpe, Mauritia, and Jessenia, all attract palm weevils. (…). The leaflets of Orbygnia, Euterpe, and Astrocaryum are used to weave floor mats and fans, using a number of differen weave types. (Alexiades, M.N. 1999: Ethnobotany of the Ese Ejja: plants, health, and change in an amazonian society (as Euterpe Gaertn.))
Use Category Use Sub Category Plant Part Human Group Ethnic Group Country Utensils and Tools Domestic Entire leaf Indigenous Ese Ejja Peru Other N/A Stem Indigenous Ese Ejja Peru Utensils and Tools Domestic Entire leaf Indigenous Ese Ejja Bolivia Utensils and Tools Domestic Entire leaf Indigenous Ese Ejja Bolivia Other N/A Stem Indigenous Ese Ejja Peru Utensils and Tools Domestic Entire leaf Indigenous Ese Ejja Peru Other N/A Stem Indigenous Ese Ejja Bolivia Other N/A Stem Indigenous Ese Ejja Bolivia - Euterpe Gaertn.: The root of this palm is crushed and boiled and the decotion is take thrice daily to treat malarian fever. (Schultes, R.E., and R.F. Raffauf 1990: The healing forest- Medicinal and toxic plants of the Northwest Amazonia (as Euterpe Gaertn.))
- Euterpe Gaertn.: The thin mesocarp, triturated with water, forms a creamy sweetish beverage similar to that from fruits of Euterpe (Spruce). (Macbride, J.F. 1960: Flora of Peru Vol. XIII Part 1 Nº 2 (as Euterpe Gaertn.))
Use Category Use Sub Category Plant Part Human Group Ethnic Group Country Human Food Beverages Fruits Not identified N/A Peru Human Food Beverages Fruits Not identified N/A Peru - Euterpe Gaertn.: Un segundo ejemplo de refinamiento lo tenemos en las especies básicas para la obtención de sal (componente básico en la preparación del tabaco líquido o ambil). (…). Luego vienen otras especies pero con espinas. Son palmas como erere, bar y komsña, jar na es la palma que más sal preduce de todas las especies. Caracterizan sus contenidos en la corteza, los cogollos y los racimos de frutas, Otras palmas reconocidas son it ma, k nena, ñek na. (…). La pepa es rica para preparar chicha y caguana, de la palma se sacan yaripa para la casa. (Garzón, C., and V. Macuritofe 1992: La noche, las plantas y sus sueños: Aproximación al conocimiento botánico en una cultura amazónica (as Euterpe Gaertn.))
- Euterpe Gaertn.: Uso alimenticio. Frutos. (Descola, P. 1989: La selva culta- Simbolismo y praxis en la ecología de los Achuar (as Euterpe Gaertn.))
Use Category Use Sub Category Plant Part Human Group Ethnic Group Country Human Food Food Fruits Indigenous Achuar Ecuador Human Food Food Fruits Indigenous Achuar Ecuador
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