Bactris hirta var. spruceana (Trail) A.J.Hend., Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 79: 92 (2000)

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Distribution

Widespread and common in Colombia (Amazonas, Guainía, Vaupés), Venezuela (Amazonas, Bolívar), the Guianas, Peru (Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Martín), Brazil (A mapa, Amazonas, Bahia, Espírito Santo, Maranhao, Para, Pernambuco, Rondonia), and Bolivia (Pando); usually in lowland rain forest on terra firme, at 106-1670 m elevation. (Henderson, A.J., Bactris (Palmae) in Flora Neotropica Monographs 79. 2000)A

Discussion

  • Types were not designated for several of Drude?s names (Bactris geonomoides, Bactris geonomoides var. setosa, Bactris hylophila var. macrocarpa, Bactris hylophila var. glabreseens, Bactris hylophila var. nana). Although these were based on Trail's specimens, it is not clear from either Drude (1881) or from the specimens which are the types. (Henderson, A.J., Bactris (Palmae) in Flora Neotropica Monographs 79. 2000)A

Description

  • Sheath spinulose or tomentose, sparsely to densely covered with black spines 1-3(-5) cm long; petiole 40-89 cm long; blade simple or pinnate; pinnate leaves with 7-30 pinnae per side, linear, regularly or irregularly arranged, spreading in the same plane; middle pinnae to 37 x 1-2 cm (rarely pinnate leaf with2-5, broad, sigmoid, densely pilose pinnae, with the apical pinna much wider than the others); simple or partially divided blades to 80 cm long, to 20 cm wide at rachis apex. Fruits spinulose. (Henderson, A.J., Bactris (Palmae) in Flora Neotropica Monographs 79. 2000)A

Materials Examined

  • COLOMBIA. AMAWNAS: Araracuara. rd. to Puerto Arturo, near the airport, 350 m, 12 Apr 1987, Galeano & Huitoto 1295 (NY); Río Caquetá, left bank, Villazul, 280-300 m, 13 Aug 1988, Galeano & Paki 1452 (NY); La Pedrera, 230 m, 9 Mar 1990, Galeano et al. 1994 (COL, NY), 11 Mar 1990, Galeano et al. 2032 (COL, NY); 7 km N of Leticia, 180 m, 17 Mar 1990, Galeano et al 2114 (COL, NY); Rio Apaporis, between Río Pacoa and Río Kananarí, Soratama, 18 Jul 1951 , Schultes & Cabrera 13094 (BH); 0°15'S, 70'30'W, 15 Jun 1952, Schultes & Cabrera 16732 (BH).
    GUAINIA: San Felipe, 1°47'N, 67°6'W, 8 Apr 1984, Gentry & Stein 46466 (MO), Gentry & Stein 46467 (MO, US).
    VAUPES: Rio Kibiyu, Cerro de Canenda, 2-4 Nov 1952, Garda Barriga 15126(COL).
    VENEZUELA. AMAZONAS: San Carlos de Río Negro, 23 Sep 1975, Berry & Uhl 1538(BH), 10 Nov 1977, Liesner 3336 (MO), 10 Nov 1977, Liesner 6140 (MO), 2 Mar 1942, L. Williams 14574 (F, US); Neblina base camp, 0°50'N, 66°10'W, 5 Feb 1984, Henderson 10 (NY), 14 Feb 1984, Henderson 25 (NY), 8 Mar 1984, Menderson 38 (NY); Río Mavaca, 2°1'N, 65°7,W, 228 m, 6 Feb 1989, Henderson 978 (COL, NY); base of Duida, 3°34'N, 65°32'W, 26 Oct 1988, Liesner 25409 (MO); Cerro Huachamacarí, 3°49'N, 65°42'W, 4 Nov 1988, Liesner 25795 (MO); Cerro Sipapo, 800 m, 2 Feb 1949, Maguire & L Politi 28701 (NY), 6 Feb 1949, Maguire & Politi 28798 (BH, NY), Maguire & Politi 28799 (NY); 70 km SSW of Ocamo, 2°10'N, 65°34'W, 990-1670 m, 24-28 Feb 1984, Steyermark et al. 130208 (MO, NY); Cerro Aratitiyope, 2°10'N, 65°34'W, 24-28 Feb 1984, Steyermark et al. 130257 (MO); Río Casiquiare, Buena Vista, 25 Sep 1928, Tare 157 (NY); Cucuy, 1°13'N, 66°51'W, 2 Feb 1968, Wessels Boer 2385 (NY).
    BOLÍVAR: 53 km SW of Unman, 4°55'N, 62°49'W, 410 m, Sep 1986, Fernández 3358(NY); Río Samay, 4°23'N, 61°38'W, 520 m, 22 Oct 1985, Liesner & Holst 18942 (MO, NY); 17 km E of El Pauji, 4°30'N, 61°30'W, 28 Oct 1985, Liesner 19042 (MO); Chimanta Massif, Río Tirica. 1000 m, 24 May 1953, Steyermark 75585 (NY); Río Ichún , 4°46'N, 63°18'W, 27 Dec 1961, Steyermark 90198 (MO).
    GUYANA. Cuyuni-Mazaruni Region, Pakaraima Mtns., Kumarau Falls on Kurupung River, 6°6'N, 60°21'W, 300-340 m, 1 Aug 1992, Hoffman & Marco 2249 (NY); upper Mazaruni River, Kamakusa, 12 Dec 1922, Leng & Persaud 356 (F), 4 Nov 1922, Leng 22 (NY); upper Mazaruni River, Kurupung, 1 Dec 1922, Leng 282 (NY); Cuyuni-Mazaruni Region, Eping River Camp, 6°5'N, 60°7W, 10 Nov 1990, McDowell & Gopaul 3692 (CAY, NY, US), 14 Nov 1990, McDowell & Gopaul 3767 (NY, US).
    SURINAME. Haut Litany. 2°31'N, 54°45'W, 2 Aug 1993, de Grallville et al. 11992 (CAY, K, US); Litany Waamahpann,Tumuc Humac Mtns., 2°27N, 54°31'W, 180m, de Granville 12630 (CAY, K, NY); Powakka, 12 Oct 1962, Wessels Boer 172 (NY).
    FRENCH GUIANA. Monts Atachi Sacca, 12 Mar 1971, de Granville 863 (CAY); Tumuc Humac, 31 Jul 1972,de Granville 1041 (CAY), 12 Aug 1972, de Granville 1215 (CAY); Fleuve Ouaqui, 30 Jul 1973, de Granville 1947 (CAY); Chemin des Emérillons, 20 km from Dégrad Claude, 31 Mar 1974, de Granville 2272 (BH, CAY, NY, P) ; Massif des Emillerons, 8 Sep 1980, de Granville 3775 (BH, CAY); Saül, 28 Sep 1980, de Granville 4005 (CAY, P), 31 Mar 1981, de Granville 4496 (CAY, K, P, US); Roche Koutou, 2°52'N, 54°3'W, 18 Aug 1987, de Granville et al. 9432 (B, CAY, P, US); Monpé Soula, 2°39'N, 54°4'W, 180 m, 2 Sep 1987, de Granville 9969 (CAY, NY, US); Crique Gabaret, 3°55'S. 51°48'W, 14 Apr 1988, de Granville 10292 (B, CAY, NY, P,U, US), 14 Apr 1988, de Granville 10301 (CAY); Gobaya Soula, 3°37'N, 53°58'W, 200 m, 6 Jan 1989, de Granville et al. 10381 (CAY, FTG, NY, US).
    PERU. LORETO: Prov. Maynas, Caseria Alianza. Río Tamshiyacu, 4°5'S, 72°58'W, 140 m, 1 Aug 1980, Gentry et al. 29287 (MO); 23 km SW of Yurimguas, 5°59'S, 76°15'W, 26 Feb 1988, Gentry et al. 61973 (MO, NY); Prov. Maynas, Yanamono, 3°28'S, 72°50'W, 130 m, 27 Jun 1983, Gentry et al. 42246 (MO); Prov. Requena. Jenaro Herrera, 13 Nov 1986, Kahn & K. Mejia 1967 (USM), 6 Sep 1982, K. Mejia 81 (USM), Sep 1982. K. Mejia 155 (USM); Río Manití, 4 Mar 1989, Kahn 2356 (USM); Caballococha, 3°55'S, 70°30'W, 106 m, 16 Aug 1989, Vasquez & Jaramillo 12797 (MO, NY).
    MADRE DE DIOS: Tambopata, 12°50'S, 69°17'W, 250m, 25 Apr 1980, Barbour 4965 (MO), 18 Mar 1988, Bell & Wiser 88-228 (US). 29 Apr 1991, Chávez 736 (CUZ, NY), 6 Nov 1991, Henderson & Chavez 1641 (CUZ, NY, USM), 13 Mar 1981, K. Young 102 (MO), 6 Mar 1981, Gentry & K.Young 32019 (AMAZ, MO), 22 Feb 1984, Gentry et al. 45988 (MO), Gentry et al. 45992 (MO); Prov. Tambopata, Pampas de Heath, 12°50'S, 68°50'W, 25 Feb 1990, Gentry & Núñez 69530 (NY), Jul-Sep 1992, Huaman 4 (NY), Jul-Sep 1992, Huaman 19 (NY); Río d'Orbigny, 12°58'S,69°20'W, 28 May 1987, Gentry & Jaramillo 57796 (MO, USM); Puerto Maldonado, 30 Sep 1987, Kahn & Llosa 2135 (CAY, USM); km 80 on Puerto Maldonado-Urcos rd., 2 Oct 1987, Kahil & Llosa 2160 (USM); 155-160 on Puerto Maldonado-Urcos rd., 3 Oct 1987, Kahn & Llosa 2178 (USM); rd. from Puerto Maldonado to Puerto Carlos, 9 Jun 1960, Moore et al. 8571 (BH); Tambopala, Río Piedras, 16 Jan 1967, C. Vargas 18616 (BH, CUZ), C. Vargas 18618 (CUZ).
    SAN MARTÍN: Lamas, Santa Rosa de Davidcillo, km 72 of Tarapoto-Yurimaguas rd., 6°15'S, 76°17'W, 200-250 m, Knapp 7928 (MO).
    BRAZIL. AMAPA: Rio Jari, 20°28'S, 54°46'W, 2 Aug 1993, de Granville et al. 12406 (CAY, US); Cachoeiras das Guaribas, 00°24'N, 53°7?W, 15 Aug 1961 , Egler & Irwin 46414 (BH, NY).
    AMAZONAS: Mun. Itapiranga, Río Uatumã, behind Igarapé Catitu, 19 Aug 1979, Cid et al. 520 (NY); 85 km N of Humaitá on BR 319, Manaus-Porto Velho hwy., Bonfuturo, 7°10'S, 63°W, 7 Apr 1985, Henderson et al. 197 (INPA, NY); Mun. Humaitá, BR 230, km 112, 7°58'S, 62°2'W, 13 Apr 1985, Henderson et al. 241 (INPA, NY); Mun. Humaitá, BR 230, km 140, 7°58'S, 62°2'W, 16 Apr 1985, Henderson et al. 248 (INPA, NY); Cidade Nova near Conjunto Manoa, Manaus, 2 Aug 1986. Henderson & da Silva 638 (INPA , NY); 60 km N of Manaus on rd. to Caracarai, then 3 km E on rd. ZFI, 5 Aug 1986, Henderson & Nascimento 648 (BH, INPA, K, NY); Reserva Florestal Adolfo Ducke, 26 km NE of Manaus on rd. to Itacoatiara, 10-21 Nov 1986, Henderson 666 (INPA, NY), Henderson 667 (INPA, NY), 24 Oct 1989, Henderson & Scarior 1151 (NY); Mun. Atalaia do Norte, Rio Curucá, tributary of Rio Javari, 4°30'S, 71°22'W, 12 Jan 1989, Henderson et al. 883 (INPA, NY); BDFF Reserve Km 41, 64 km N of Manaus on SR 174 then 41 km E on ZF 3, 25 Aug 1989, Henderson et al. 1051 (INPA, NY); Rio Madeira, Borba, 31 Dec 1990, Henderson & Pardini 1515 (INPA, NY); Mun. Maraã, Rio Japura, ca. 5 km W of Maraa, 11 Jan 1991, Henderson et al.1539 (INPA, NY); Mun. Tefé, Río Curimatá de Baixo, ca. 3°55'S. 65°10'W, 18 Jan 1991 , Henderson & Guedes 1572 (INPA, NY); Barro Vermelho, Rio Juruá. 6°28'S, 68°46'W, 22 Oct 1991, Pardini 31 (INPA, NY); Altamira, Rio Juruá, 6°35'S, 68°54'W, 10 Nov 1991, Pardini 57 (INPA, NY, SPF); Mun. Humaitá, km 6 on rd. from Humaitá to Labrea, 7 Jun 1982, Teixeira 996 (INPA, NY); Rio Jutaí, Santarém, 4 Feb 1875, Trail 862/CCXIV (BM, K); Sao Antonio da Boa Vista, Rio Javarí, 6 Dec 1874, Trail 864/CLXXXIX (BM, K); Manaus, 12 Feb 1875, Trail 865/CCXX (BM, K); Lages, mouth of Río Negro, 23 Jul 1874, Trail 866/LXIX (K), 23 Jul 1874, Trail 867/LX1X (K); Río Negro, Tauapass-assu, 5 Jul 1874, Trail 869/XCI (K),5 JuI 1874, Trail 870/LXIX (K); Barcellos, 19 Jun 1874, Trail 871/LX1X (BM, K).
    BAHIA: Mun. Una, Reserva Biológica do Mico-Ieão, km 46 on BA-001, 15°9'S, 39°5'W, 14 Sep 1993, Amorim et al. 1394 (CEPEC, NY); Mun. Urucuca. 7.3 km from the Serra Grande-Itacaré rd., 14°25'S, 39°1'W, 1-12 Jul 1991,Carvalho et al. 3469 (NY); Mun. Cairu, Ilha de Tinharé, 13°30'S, 39°3'W, 9 Dec 1988, Noblick 4712 (CEPEC, F), NobLick 4713 (CEPEC, F, FTG); Mun. Una, 1 km W of city, 15°18'S, 39°4'W, 11 Jan 1989, Noblick 4727 (CEPEC, F, FTG, K); Mun. Una, 1 km W of city, 15° 18'S, 39°4'W, 12 Jan 1989, Noblick 4732 (F); Mun. Belmonte, 7 km E of Barralândia, 15°51'S, 38°54'W, 50-100 m, 17 Jan 1989, Noblick 4744 (CEPEC, F, K, MO); Mun. Santa Cruz Cabrália, 16-17 km W of Porto Seguro, 16°23'S, 39°8'W, 20 Jan 1989, Noblick 4758 (F); Mun. Guaratinga, 5 km W of Guaratinga, 16°34'S, 39°34'W, 22 Jan 1989, Noblick 4767(F); Mun. Nova Vicosa, 22 km SE of Helvécia, 17°53'S, 39°22'W, 2 Feb 1989, Noblick & Brito 4785 (CEPEC, BH,F, K, NY), Noblick & Brito 4786 (CEPEC, F); Mun. Ilhéus, Lagoa Encontantada, 14°49'S, 39°2'W, 5-50 m, 26 Sep 1994, Noblick & D. Evans 4996 (CEPEC, FTG); Ilhéus, 14 Jan 1975, Read & Daniels 3410 (US); Camamu, km 3-6 on rd. Acarai Travessao, 25 Feb 1975, Santos 292J (F), Santos 2923 (CEPEC, F).
    ESPÍRITO SANTO: Conceicão da Barra, Reserva Fazenda Sao Joaquim, 14 Oct 1986, Bouder Fernandes 2018 (MBML, NY), Bouder Fernandes 2031 (MBML); Mun. Linhares, Reserva Florestal da CVRD. 19°9'S, 40°3'W, 18 Sep 1987, Boudet Fernandes 2194 (MBML), Boudet Fernandes 2195 (MBML, RB), Boudet Fernandes 2196 (MBML), Boudet Fernandes 2201 (MBML), Boudet Fernandes 2202 (MBML).
    MARANHÃO: Mun. Moncão, Rio Turiacu, 3°7'S, 46°5'W, 29 Jun 1987. Balée 3499 (NY).
    PARÁ: Mun. Viseu, basin of Río Gurupi. 6 km SSW of FUNAI Post Canindé, 16 Aug 1985, Balée & B. Ribeiro 1582 (NY); 27 km NE of Itaituba on BR 230, 27 Nov 1977, Bolick et al. 950 (NY); Rio Jarí, rd. from Monte Dourado to Munguba, 26 Jun 1968, Oliveira 4675 (NY); Rio Trombetas, 5 Mar 1874, Trail 863/XI (K); Obidos, 25 Mar 1874, Trail 873 (BM, K); 26 Mar 1874, Trail XXIII (K).
    PERNAMBUCO: Goiana, Ponta de Pedras. Corrego do Bispo, 4 Jun 1968, Medeiros-Costa 68-0075 (BH), Medeiros-Costa 68-0076 (F).
    RONDÔNIA: Mun. Porto Velho, 4 km E of Corrego Raiz on rd. BR 364, 24 km ENE of jct. with rd. BR325, 26 km E of Abuna, 9°43'S, 65°8'W, 18 Apr 1987, Nee 34929 (INPA, NY).
    BOLIVIA. PANDO: Prov. Federico Román, Río Negro, 9°52'S, 65°42'W, 16 Jul 1992, L. Vargas et al. 986 (LPB, NY, USZ). (Henderson, A.J., Bactris (Palmae) in Flora Neotropica Monographs 79. 2000)A

Bibliography

    A. Henderson, A.J., Bactris (Palmae) in Flora Neotropica Monographs 79. 2000